In a smooth tube, fluids generally follow a smooth path, and the particles of the fluid do not interfere with each other. Introducing corrugation creates turbulence, which creates turbulent flow and more effective heat exchange. Turbulent flow prevents viscous materials from sticking to the wall of the tube, where they can act as insulation and prevent efficient heat transfer. The turbulence also prevents materials in suspension from dropping out of the carrier fluid and having a similar effect.

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