A seminar on steam system optimization, a one-day course planned for May 22, will be held at Spirax Sarco’s training facility in Longmont, Colo.

A one-day pump systems optimization course, planned for May 16, is designed to help pump users learn how to identify and reduce hidden operating and energy costs in their pump systems.

1. Installed components are inherently inefficient at the normal operating conditions.

The system efficiency, as defined by the power transfer in and out of the example diagram in the equations.